Ancient tools

(Image credit: Danish Castle Center)Archaeologists have discovered a 1,000-year-old set of iron tools at the Viking fortress of Borgring, on the island of Zeeland in eastern Denmark.

The researchers think the tools belonged to a master craftsman who occupied a workroom in a gatehouse of the fortress late in the 10th-century A.D. [Read full story about the Viking-age tools]

Citizen science

(Image credit: Danish Castle Center)The iron tools were first located in the buried gatehouse by amateur archeologists using a metal detector at the Borgring site.

It's thought that the ring-shaped fort was built during the reign of the Danish king Harald Bluetooth around 980 A.D., as one of a network of military outposts around Denmark.

Looking for history

(Image credit: Danish Castle Center)Archaeologist Nanna Holm, seen here facing the camera, is leading the excavations at Borgring, a joint project of the Danish Castle Center at Vordingborg and Denmark's Aarhus University.

Tech and history

(Image credit: Danish Castle Center)This summer, the archaeological team identified the source of the metal detector signal as a set of iron tools in a buried 10th-century layer of the fort's eastern gatehouse building.

It's thought the tools were left behind in a wooden chest when the aging wooden gatehouse eventually collapsed.

Difficult endeavor

(Image credit: Danish Castle Center)In August, the archaeological team carefully removed the entire deposit of earth containing all the iron tools, a delicate process that took two days. [Read full story about the Viking-age tools]

Scans for info

(Image credit: Danish Castle Center)The toolbox was examined with hospital computerized tomography (CT) scanning equipment before the individual tools were excavated from the deposit, to determine the original arrangement of the objects inside.

A workman's tools

(Image credit: Danish Castle Center)Although the wooden chest that once contained them has rotted away, the tools remained in place where they were abandoned.

So far, at least 14 individual iron objects have been found inside, including spoon drills that would have been used for building ships or houses, and a drawplate used for making metal wires (visible near the top of this image as a rectangular object pierced by a line of holes).

Study and preparation

(Image credit: Danish Castle Center)The researchers are now using X-ray equipment to individually study each of the iron objects found in the toolbox, before they're cleaned and preserved to go on display at an exhibition at Borgring next year.

Unity and security

(Image credit: Thue C. Leibrandt)Archaeologists think Borgring may be one of five ring-forts built by Harald Bluetooth after 980 A.D., as he united the fractious Viking tribes in Denmark and southern Sweden and enforced Christianity as the national religion.

This image shows the ring-fort at Trelleborg, in the west of the Danish island of Zeeland.

Future research planned

(Image credit: Danish Castle Center)The archaeological team from the Danish Castle Center and Aarhus University will return for further excavations of the ring-fort at Borgring each summer for the next three years.

Borgring was only recently recognized as a Viking-age structure and the researchers hope further studies of the site will confirm its origins and purpose. [Read full story about the Viking-age tools]