Warfare, features and articles | Educational Science

Mar 14, 2022

Pearl Harbor: Surprise attack that brought US into World War II

Pearl Harbor was a U.S. naval base that was bombed by the Empire of Japan in a surprise attack, precipating America's full-scale involvement in World War II. Taking place on Sunday, Dec. 7, 1941, the Imperial Japanese Navy sent aircraft to strikeships and installations of the U.S. Pacific Fleet at...

Mar 16, 2022

Korean War: Causes, combatants and key battles

The Korean War began on June 25, 1950 when the communist Korean People’s Army (PKA) invaded neighboring South Korea, crossing the border known as the 38th parallel. The fighting halted with the conclusion of an armistice on July 27, 1953; however, no formal peace treaty has been concluded. North and...

Mar 17, 2022

How many nuclear weapons exist?

Since Russia first invaded Ukraine nearly three weeks ago, the threat of nuclear weapon use has risen. This was made clear on Feb. 27, when Russian President Vladimir Putin announced that his country's nuclear forces had been placed on high alert, the Associated Press reported. The current situation, according to...

Mar 17, 2022

The Pacific War: WWII in the East

The Pacific War was fought across the expanse of the world’s largest ocean as well as Southeast Asia from 1941 to 1945. Waged primarily between the armed forces of the United States and Imperial Japan, though including substantial forces from India, Australia, Britain. The Pacific War was a theater or...

Mar 18, 2022

What is mutual assured destruction?

Mutual assured destruction refers to the concept that two superpowers are capable of annihilating each other with nuclear weapons, regardless of whether they are attacked first. In theory, under mutual assured destruction, a nuclear attack by one superpower will be met with an overwhelming nuclear counterattack by their target —...

Mar 19, 2022

Russia strikes Ukraine with new hypersonic missiles: Here's how they work.

Russia claims to have used its Kinzhal hypersonic missiles for the first time, in its invasion of Ukraine — perhaps heralding a new era when these super-fast weapons could come to dominate warfare. Russia announced on Saturday (Mar. 19) it had used the Kh-47M2 Kinzhal missile system — its name...

Mar 21, 2022

Doolittle Raid: America's WWII attack on Tokyo

The Doolittle Raid was a bombing attack carried out by the U.S. Army Air Forces (USAAF) against Tokyo during World War II. On April 18, 1942, 16 carrier-based U.S. bombers struck the Japanese capital city, taking off from the flying deck of the U.S.S. Hornet. The Doolittle Raid was conceived,...

Mar 22, 2022

Cold War: Origins, combatants and leaders

The Cold War was an ideological conflict between the capitalist United States and the communist Soviet Union, and their respective allies. Despite being called a war, it was not a direct military confrontation between the two sides. Merriam Webster defines a cold war as a conflict over ideological differences carried...

Mar 29, 2022

The real Top Gun: History of the US Navy pilot school

The United States Navy (U.S.N.) Fighter Weapons School was established in 1969 in an attempt to stem US losses in the air war with Vietnam. Nicknamed Top Gun, the school taught dog fighting skills to a generation who were reliant on missiles and technology, and their efforts turned the tide...

Mar 29, 2022

US Navy sends 'electronic attack' jets to Germany: Here's how they work.

The United States has deployed six electronic attack aircraft to northern Europe, adding to its military forces in the region after Russia's invasion of Ukraine. They are designed to overcome enemy air defenses by crippling the radar systems that they often depend upon, giving friendly aircraft a substantial combat advantage....

Mar 31, 2022

Bataan Death March: Japan's WWII massacre

The Bataan Death March was an atrocity perpetrated by the Imperial Japanese Army on Allied POWs in the Philippine Commonwealth from April 9 until April 15, 1942. In the aftermath of Japan's invasion of the Philippines on Dec. 8, 1941 — the day after the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor...

Apr 4, 2022

Can we prevent World War III? History of diplomacy and deterrence

To prevent the outbreak of World War III, which could involve the use of nuclear weapons, the world's superpowers have developed a system of diplomacy and deterrence. Despite this, since 1945 several crises have brought the U.S. and the Soviet Union (now the Russian Federation) close to a third devastating...

Apr 13, 2022

Able Archer: The NATO exercise that almost went nuclear

Able Archer was an annual NATO military exercise that involved thousands of military personnel and equipment. The goal of the exercise was to simulate an escalation in a conflict between NATO countries and the USSR, culminating in a co-ordinated nuclear attack. In 1983, the annual exercise almost triggered the outbreak...

Apr 22, 2022

How deadly is Putin's nuclear 'Satan 2' missile?

Russia has successfully tested a new intercontinental ballistic missile that is capable of launching nuclear warheads anywhere across the globe, but the Pentagon has said it is not a threat to the United States or its allies. In a televised address following the missile's reported launch on Wednesday (April 20),...

Jun 29, 2022

World's deepest shipwreck found — a US navy warship sunk in biggest sea battle of WWII

Explorers have discovered the world’s deepest shipwreck after 78 years: a U.S. Navy destroyer escort that sank during World War II’s biggest naval battle. The explorers found the U.S.S. Samuel B. Roberts, nicknamed “Sammy B”, 22,916 feet (6,985 meters) below the surface of the Philippine Sea near Samar, the third...